#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

long long exchange_requirement, empty_bottles_amount, filled_bottles_amount, ans;

int main() {
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);

    cin >> exchange_requirement >> filled_bottles_amount;

    while (true) {
        ans += filled_bottles_amount;
        empty_bottles_amount += filled_bottles_amount;
        filled_bottles_amount = empty_bottles_amount / exchange_requirement;
        empty_bottles_amount %= exchange_requirement;
        if (filled_bottles_amount == 0) { break; }
    }
    cout << ans << endl;

    return 0;
}