From ed054247d50ad3cd899c048b9602c9dc1f5ff1f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: rogerwang2008 <rogerwang2008@163.com>
Date: Fri, 25 Sep 2026 20:20:01 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] some programs!

---
 .clang-format                                 |  63 ++
 .gitignore                                    |   9 +-
 .idea/workspace.xml                           | 717 ++++++++++++++----
 CMakeLists.txt                                |  10 +-
 ..._chain_dsu.py => NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py |   0
 _others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c                        |  28 +
 cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp        |  76 ++
 cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp      |  50 ++
 cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py     |  17 +
 cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp      |  23 +
 cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp                 |  39 +
 cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp           |  90 +++
 cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp             |  77 ++
 cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp            |  86 +++
 cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp                      |  26 +
 cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp               |  34 +
 cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp                      |  24 +
 cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp                      |  37 +
 cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp                 |  28 +
 cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp         |  29 +
 cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp      |  47 ++
 cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp                      |  31 +
 cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp                |  30 +
 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp    |  71 ++
 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp |  29 +
 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp     |  41 +
 .../dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp          |  49 ++
 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp     |  55 ++
 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp     |  53 ++
 graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp               |  75 +-
 graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp              |  83 ++
 luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp            |   4 +-
 32 files changed, 1882 insertions(+), 149 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .clang-format
 rename noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py => NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py (100%)
 create mode 100644 _others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp
 create mode 100644 cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp
 create mode 100644 dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp
 create mode 100644 graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp

diff --git a/.clang-format b/.clang-format
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec0373c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.clang-format
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+Language: Cpp
+BasedOnStyle: WebKit
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: true
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments: false
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
+AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
+AlignOperands: Align
+AlignTrailingComments: false
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Empty
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Always
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true
+AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
+BraceWrapping: 
+  AfterCaseLabel: false
+  AfterClass: false
+  AfterControlStatement: false
+  AfterEnum: false
+  AfterFunction: false
+  AfterNamespace: false
+  AfterStruct: false
+  AfterUnion: false
+  AfterExternBlock: false
+  BeforeCatch: false
+  BeforeElse: false
+  BeforeLambdaBody: false
+  BeforeWhile: false
+  SplitEmptyFunction: false
+  SplitEmptyRecord: false
+  SplitEmptyNamespace: false
+BreakBeforeBraces: Custom
+BreakConstructorInitializers: AfterColon
+BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: false
+ColumnLimit: 120
+ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: false
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
+IncludeCategories: 
+  - Regex: '^<.*'
+    Priority: 1
+  - Regex: '^".*'
+    Priority: 2
+  - Regex: '.*'
+    Priority: 3
+IncludeIsMainRegex: '([-_](test|unittest))?$'
+InsertNewlineAtEOF: true
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
+MacroBlockBegin: ''
+MacroBlockEnd: ''
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 2
+NamespaceIndentation: All
+PenaltyBreakAssignment: 0
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 0
+ReferenceAlignment: Right
+#ReflowComments: false
+SortUsingDeclarations: Lexicographic
+SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
+SpacesInAngles: Never
+SpacesInConditionalStatement: false
+SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
+SpacesInParentheses: false
+TabWidth: 4
+
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 022166f..742acfa 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ cmake-build-debug-gcc
 /*.dSYM
 
 # 忽略 linux 编译产物
-/*
-!/*.*
-!*/
\ No newline at end of file
+**/*
+!**/*.*
+!*/
+
+*.dSYM/
+**/*.out
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.idea/workspace.xml b/.idea/workspace.xml
index e596ce6..c281a00 100644
--- a/.idea/workspace.xml
+++ b/.idea/workspace.xml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     <option name="/Default/Environment/Hierarchy/GeneratedFilesCacheKey/Timestamp/@EntryValue" value="3" type="long" />
     <option name="/Default/Housekeeping/FeatureSuggestion/FeatureSuggestionManager/DisabledSuggesters/=SwitchToGoToActionSuggester/@EntryIndexedValue" value="true" type="bool" />
     <option name="/Default/Housekeeping/LiveTemplatesHousekeeping/HotspotSessionHintIsShown/@EntryValue" value="true" type="bool" />
-    <option name="/Default/Housekeeping/OptionsDialog/SelectedPageId/@EntryValue" value="CppFormatterOtherPage" type="string" />
+    <option name="/Default/Housekeeping/OptionsDialog/SelectedPageId/@EntryValue" value="RiderCppLiveTemplatesSettings" type="string" />
   </component>
   <component name="CMakePresetLoader">{
   &quot;useNewFormat&quot;: true
@@ -20,18 +20,24 @@
   </component>
   <component name="CMakeRunConfigurationManager">
     <generated>
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02692_12_coins" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="graph__ECNA2001_sort_letters" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T12559_biggest_smallest_combination" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T12559_biggest_smallest_combination_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_E02883" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02694_polish_notation_tree" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0204_prefix_cycle" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01017_6_boxes" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260917_03" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__backpack_dp__NOIP2005J_herbs_dp_knapsack_MWASTE" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0217_magic_square" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__backpack_dp__NOIP2006S_jinming_budget_dp_knapsack" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260923_03" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__backpack_dp__NOIP2005J_herbs_dp_knapsack_PINGPONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="JLOI2009_binary_tree_GIVEUP" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="_others__qyz__gdbh" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_16_swap_bits" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M03704_brackets" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="luogu_ez_B3628" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__TJOI2007_walk_segments_dp" />
@@ -40,63 +46,101 @@
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02692_12_coins_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02746_josephus_problem_simulation" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02039_snakey_encryption" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cmake-build-debug-gcc__CMakeFiles__4.3.1__CompilerIdC__CMakeCCompilerId" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="graph__luogu_P3916_graph_iteration" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="_others__jzh__jzh_c1_h" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__NOIP1996S_miner_dp_MWASTE" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T01011_sticks" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_15_jusephus" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02431_cows_gas_leak_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="NOIP2003J_bigint" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01922_ride_follower" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="luogu_template_dsu_P3367" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_E01003" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_14_encryption" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="JLOI2009_binary_tree" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M03532" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01321_chest_grid" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260917_01" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T04117_split_int" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T27373_biggest_combination_t2_TLE" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_13_flip" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0205_polynomial_addition" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01002_memorable_number" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M02524_ubiquitous_religions_dsu" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0206_binary_query" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M03247_palindromic_prime" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="SHOI2002_ski" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_E01218" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__NOIP1996S_miner_dp" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="exercises" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__SHOI2002_ski_dp" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260917_05_vote" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="_others__jzh__jzh_e2_j" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T01011_sticks_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01852_ants_falling" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="graph__luogu_P3916_graph_iteration_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="SHOI2002_ski_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0201_dictionary" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T27104_chicken_monitors" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260917_04" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__backpack_dp__NOIP2005J_herbs_dp_knapsack_MWASTE_BETTER" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0202_card_stacking" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cmake-build-debug-gcc__CMakeFiles__4.3.1__CompilerIdCXX__CMakeCXXCompilerId" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="NOIP2016J_bay" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="lc_135_candy" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_T27373_biggest_combination_t2" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="_others__qyz__test" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dsa__linear_list__dsa_0203_string_insertion" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260909_11_count_digits" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="pojcs101_M01328_radar_greedy_WRONG" />
       <config projectName="exercises" targetName="dp__backpack_dp__NOIP2005J_herbs_dp_knapsack" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="graph__USACO06DECs_cow_picnic" />
+      <config projectName="exercises" targetName="cs101__dh_20260917_02_subway" />
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   </component>
   <component name="CMakeSettings" AUTO_RELOAD="true">
     <configurations />
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   <component name="ChangeListManager">
-    <list default="true" id="4491295e-723c-4e0b-b7b4-9be1cbde5db8" name="更改" comment="Update CMakeLists.txt">
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-      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/NOIP2016J_bay.cpp" afterDir="false" />
-      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dp/TJOI2007_walk_segments_dp.cpp" afterDir="false" />
-      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0201_dictionary.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+    <list default="true" id="4491295e-723c-4e0b-b7b4-9be1cbde5db8" name="更改" comment="some programs">
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.clang-format" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/_others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp" afterDir="false" />
       <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp" afterDir="false" />
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-      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/graph/luogu_P3916_graph_iteration.cpp" afterDir="false" />
-      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/graph/luogu_P3916_graph_iteration_WRONG.cpp" afterDir="false" />
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-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/editor.xml" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/editor.xml" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.gitignore" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.gitignore" afterDir="false" />
       <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" afterDir="false" />
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-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/noip2012s_kings_game.cpp" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/JLOI2009_binary_tree.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/CMakeLists.txt" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/CMakeLists.txt" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp" afterDir="false" />
+      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py" afterDir="false" />
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     <option name="SHOW_DIALOG" value="false" />
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@@ -152,97 +196,128 @@
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-  <component name="PropertiesComponent">{
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-    &quot;C/C++ 文件.luogu_UVA755.cpp.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;C/C++ 文件.luogu_model_dsu_P3367.cpp.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;C/C++ 文件.ojcs101_E01218.cpp.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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     <configuration name="dp__NOIP1996S_miner_dp" type="CMakeRunConfiguration" factoryName="Application" REDIRECT_INPUT="false" ELEVATE="false" USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE="false" EMULATE_TERMINAL="false" PASS_PARENT_ENVS_2="true" PROJECT_NAME="exercises" TARGET_NAME="dp__NOIP1996S_miner_dp" CONFIG_NAME="Debug-GCC" RUN_TARGET_PROJECT_NAME="exercises" RUN_TARGET_NAME="dp__NOIP1996S_miner_dp">
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@@ -358,11 +538,46 @@
         <option name="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.CidrBuildBeforeRunTaskProvider$BuildBeforeRunTask" enabled="true" />
       </method>
     </configuration>
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         <option name="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.CidrBuildBeforeRunTaskProvider$BuildBeforeRunTask" enabled="true" />
       </method>
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       </method>
     </configuration>
+    <configuration name="pojcs101_M02746_josephus_problem_simulation" type="CMakeRunConfiguration" factoryName="Application" temporary="true" REDIRECT_INPUT="false" ELEVATE="false" USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE="false" EMULATE_TERMINAL="false" PASS_PARENT_ENVS_2="true" PROJECT_NAME="exercises" TARGET_NAME="pojcs101_M02746_josephus_problem_simulation" CONFIG_NAME="Debug-GCC" RUN_TARGET_PROJECT_NAME="exercises" RUN_TARGET_NAME="pojcs101_M02746_josephus_problem_simulation">
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     <configuration name="pojcs101_M03247_palindromic_prime" type="CMakeRunConfiguration" factoryName="Application" REDIRECT_INPUT="false" ELEVATE="false" USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE="false" EMULATE_TERMINAL="false" PASS_PARENT_ENVS_2="true" PROJECT_NAME="exercises" TARGET_NAME="pojcs101_M03247_palindromic_prime" CONFIG_NAME="Debug-GCC" RUN_TARGET_PROJECT_NAME="exercises" RUN_TARGET_NAME="pojcs101_M03247_palindromic_prime">
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-      <option name="SCRIPT_NAME" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py" />
+      <option name="SCRIPT_NAME" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py" />
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+      <option name="EMULATE_TERMINAL" value="false" />
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+      <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT" value="false" />
+      <option name="INPUT_FILE" value="" />
+      <method v="2" />
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+    <configuration name="dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init" type="PythonConfigurationType" factoryName="Python" temporary="true" nameIsGenerated="true">
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+      <option name="ENV_FILES" value="" />
+      <option name="INTERPRETER_OPTIONS" value="" />
+      <option name="PARENT_ENVS" value="true" />
+      <envs>
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+      <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101" />
+      <option name="IS_MODULE_SDK" value="true" />
+      <option name="ADD_CONTENT_ROOTS" value="true" />
+      <option name="ADD_SOURCE_ROOTS" value="true" />
+      <option name="DEBUG_JUST_MY_CODE" value="false" />
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       <option name="EMULATE_TERMINAL" value="false" />
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+      <item itemvalue="CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260917_04" />
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-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260917_02_subway",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     },
     {
-      &quot;first&quot;: {
-        &quot;##RUN_CONFIGURATION##&quot;: &quot;CMake 应用程序.NOIP2016J_bay&quot;,
-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0206_binary_query",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     },
     {
-      &quot;first&quot;: {
-        &quot;##RUN_CONFIGURATION##&quot;: &quot;CMake 应用程序.graph__luogu_P3916_graph_iteration&quot;,
-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_14_encryption",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     },
     {
-      &quot;first&quot;: {
-        &quot;##RUN_CONFIGURATION##&quot;: &quot;CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0201_dictionary&quot;,
-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260917_04",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     },
     {
-      &quot;first&quot;: {
-        &quot;##RUN_CONFIGURATION##&quot;: &quot;CMake 应用程序.NOIP2003J_bigint&quot;,
-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     },
     {
-      &quot;first&quot;: {
-        &quot;##RUN_CONFIGURATION##&quot;: &quot;CMake 应用程序.pojcs101_T27373_biggest_combination_t2&quot;,
-        &quot;cmake&quot;: &quot;CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC&quot;
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.NOIP2016J_bay",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
       },
-      &quot;second&quot;: &quot;2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5&quot;
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.graph__USACO06DECs_cow_picnic",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0205_polynomial_addition",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260917_01",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260923_03",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_16_swap_bits",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.pojcs101_T27373_biggest_combination_t2",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.JLOI2009_binary_tree",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0217_magic_square",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序._others__qyz__gdbh",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0204_prefix_cycle",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dsa__linear_list__dsa_0201_dictionary",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260917_03",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.dp__TJOI2007_walk_segments_dp",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_13_flip",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260909_15_jusephus",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序._others__jzh__jzh_c1_h",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.pojcs101_M02746_josephus_problem_simulation",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.NOIP2003J_bigint",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
+    },
+    {
+      "first": {
+        "##RUN_CONFIGURATION##": "CMake 应用程序.cs101__dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk",
+        "cmake": "CMakeBuildProfile:Debug-GCC"
+      },
+      "second": "2c1c9069-eeff-46e4-9092-db62e2b1ded5"
     }
   ],
-  &quot;modificationCount&quot;: 69
-}</component>
+  "modificationCount": 133
+}]]></component>
   <component name="SharedIndexes">
     <attachedChunks>
       <set>
@@ -757,13 +1185,14 @@
     <MESSAGE value="CMakeLists.txt" />
     <MESSAGE value="1" />
     <MESSAGE value="Update CMakeLists.txt" />
-    <option name="LAST_COMMIT_MESSAGE" value="Update CMakeLists.txt" />
+    <MESSAGE value="some programs" />
+    <option name="LAST_COMMIT_MESSAGE" value="some programs" />
   </component>
   <component name="XDebuggerManager">
     <breakpoint-manager>
       <breakpoints>
         <line-breakpoint enabled="true" suspend="THREAD" type="python-line">
-          <url>file://$PROJECT_DIR$/noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py</url>
+          <url>file://$PROJECT_DIR$/NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py</url>
           <line>75</line>
           <option name="timeStamp" value="6" />
         </line-breakpoint>
@@ -787,11 +1216,21 @@
           <line>66</line>
           <option name="timeStamp" value="36" />
         </line-breakpoint>
+        <line-breakpoint enabled="true" type="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.debugger.OCBreakpointType">
+          <url>file://$PROJECT_DIR$/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp</url>
+          <line>40</line>
+          <option name="timeStamp" value="43" />
+        </line-breakpoint>
+        <line-breakpoint enabled="true" type="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.debugger.OCBreakpointType">
+          <url>file://$PROJECT_DIR$/cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp</url>
+          <line>5</line>
+          <option name="timeStamp" value="44" />
+        </line-breakpoint>
       </breakpoints>
     </breakpoint-manager>
     <watches-manager>
       <configuration name="CMakeRunConfiguration">
-        <watch expression="ans_cache" language="C++" />
+        <watch expression="grid" language="C++" />
       </configuration>
     </watches-manager>
   </component>
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 43fec66..588d036 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
-project(exercises)
+project(exercises C CXX)
+
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 
-file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCES "*.cpp")
+file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCES "*.cpp" "*.c")
 
 foreach (source ${SOURCES})
     # 获取源文件所在目录（绝对路径）
@@ -22,7 +26,7 @@ foreach (source ${SOURCES})
     endif ()
 
     add_executable(${target_name} ${source})
-    # 顺便把可执行文件输出到与源文件对应的目录中（可选）
+    # 把可执行文件输出到与源文件对应的目录中
     set_target_properties(${target_name} PROPERTIES
             RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${rel_dir}"
     )
diff --git a/noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py b/NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py
similarity index 100%
rename from noi2001_food_chain_dsu.py
rename to NOI2001_food_chain_dsu.py
diff --git a/_others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c b/_others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1dfaa93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/_others/jzh/jzh_c1_h.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define MAX_N 1001
+int n, s, max_s;
+int d[MAX_N];
+int sums[MAX_N];
+
+int main() {
+    scanf("%d%d", &n, &s);
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+        scanf("%d", &d[i]);
+    }
+
+    sums[0] = s;
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+        sums[i] = sums[i - 1] + d[i];
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
+        if (max_s < sums[i])
+            max_s = sums[i];
+    }
+
+    printf("%d\n", max_s);
+
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..594a9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_05_sum_fractions.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+long long gcd(long long x, long long y) {
+    if (x < y) swap(x, y);
+    if (x % y == 0) { return y; }
+    return gcd(y, x % y);
+}
+
+class Fraction {
+public:
+    long long numerator = 0, denominator = 1;
+
+    void simplify() {
+        if (numerator == 0) { denominator = 1; }
+        long long g = gcd(numerator, denominator);
+        numerator /= g, denominator /= g;
+    }
+
+    Fraction operator+(const Fraction& other) const {
+        Fraction result{
+            numerator * other.denominator + denominator * other.numerator,
+            denominator * other.denominator
+        };
+        result.simplify();
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    Fraction operator+=(const Fraction& other) {
+        return *this = *this + other;
+    }
+
+    Fraction() = default;
+    Fraction(const long long n, const long long d) : numerator(n), denominator(d) { simplify(); }
+
+    Fraction(const string& s) {
+        stringstream ss(s);
+        long long n, d;
+        char slash;
+        if (ss >> n >> slash >> d && slash == '/') {
+            numerator = n, denominator = d;
+            simplify();
+        } else {
+            throw invalid_argument("String is not a fraction");
+        }
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] string to_string() const {
+        if (denominator == 1) {
+            return std::to_string(numerator);
+        }
+        return std::to_string(numerator) + '/' + std::to_string(denominator);
+    }
+};
+
+int n;
+string s;
+Fraction ans;
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> n;
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < n; _++) {
+        // clog << ans.numerator << '/' << ans.denominator << endl;
+        cin >> s;
+        ans += Fraction(s);
+    }
+
+    cout << ans.to_string() << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b644e10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_10_smaller_numbers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct Number {
+    int value;
+    int index;
+
+    bool operator<(const Number& other) const {
+        return value < other.value;
+    }
+};
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 1001;
+int n;
+Number numbers[MAX_N];
+int answers[MAX_N];
+
+void get_answers() {
+    sort(numbers, numbers + n);
+    int real_idx = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        if (i == 0 || numbers[i].value != numbers[i - 1].value) { real_idx = i; }
+        answers[numbers[i].index] = real_idx;
+    }
+}
+
+void print_answers() {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        cout << answers[i] << endl;
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> n;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        cin >> numbers[i].value;
+        numbers[i].index = i;
+    }
+
+    get_answers();
+    print_answers();
+
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py b/cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73dcb6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+def get_count_digits_init(n: int, d: int) -> int:
+    return str(n).count(str(d))
+
+
+MAX_N = 10001
+count_digits_init = [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] for _ in range(MAX_N)]
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for i in range(1, MAX_N):
+        for d in range(10):
+            count_digits_init[i][d] = get_count_digits_init(i, d) + count_digits_init[i - 1][d]
+    # with open('dh_20260909_11_count_digits_init.out', 'w') as f:
+    #     f.write(str(count_digits_init).replace(" ", "").replace("]", "}").replace("[", "{"))
+
+    n, d = map(int, input().split())
+    print(count_digits_init[n][d])
+
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af0b960
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_12_bottle_exchange.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+long long exchange_requirement, empty_bottles_amount, filled_bottles_amount, ans;
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> exchange_requirement >> filled_bottles_amount;
+
+    while (true) {
+        ans += filled_bottles_amount;
+        empty_bottles_amount += filled_bottles_amount;
+        filled_bottles_amount = empty_bottles_amount / exchange_requirement;
+        empty_bottles_amount %= exchange_requirement;
+        if (filled_bottles_amount == 0) { break; }
+    }
+    cout << ans << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddf773d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_13_flip.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 151;
+bool cards_flipped[MAX_N];
+
+void simulate() {
+    for (int divider=2; divider<MAX_N; divider++) {
+        for (int i=divider; i<MAX_N; i+=divider) {
+            cards_flipped[i] = !cards_flipped[i];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void print_ans() {
+    int amount = 0;
+    bool first = true;
+    for (int i = 1; i < MAX_N; i++) {
+        if (!cards_flipped[i]) {
+            if (!first) cout << " ";
+            cout << "N" << i;
+            first = false;
+            amount++;
+        }
+    }
+    cout << endl << amount << endl;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    simulate();
+    print_ans();
+
+
+    return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d38809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_14_encryption.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
+
+class Coord {
+public:
+    int x = 0, y = 0;
+    constexpr Coord(int x, int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
+
+    constexpr Coord operator+(const Coord other) const {
+        return {x + other.x, y + other.y};
+    }
+
+    constexpr Coord& operator+=(const Coord other) {
+        x += other.x, y += other.y;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool operator==(const Coord other) const {
+        return x == other.x && y == other.y;
+    }
+
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Coord coord) {
+        return os << "(" << coord.x << ", " << coord.y << ")";
+    }
+};
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 10;
+int w, h, grid[MAX_N][MAX_N];
+std::string original_str;
+
+std::vector<int> get_nums(const char c) {
+    if (c == ' ') { return {0, 0}; }
+    return {(c - 'A' + 1) / 10, (c - 'A' + 1) % 10};
+}
+
+Coord next_move(const Coord prev_coord, const Coord prev_facing) {
+    Coord new_coord = prev_coord + prev_facing;
+    if (new_coord.x < 0 || new_coord.x >= h ||
+        new_coord.y < 0 || new_coord.y >= w ||
+        grid[new_coord.x][new_coord.y] != -1) {
+        if (prev_facing == Coord{1, 0}) { return {0, -1}; }
+        if (prev_facing == Coord{0, -1}) { return {-1, 0}; }
+        if (prev_facing == Coord{-1, 0}) { return {0, 1}; }
+        if (prev_facing == Coord{0, 1}) { return {1, 0}; }
+        throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid facing direction");
+    }
+    return prev_facing;
+}
+
+std::ostream& print_grid(std::ostream& os) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
+            os << (grid[i][j] == -1 ? 0 : grid[i][j]);
+        }
+    }
+    os << std::endl;
+    return os;
+}
+
+void fill_grid(const std::string& s) {
+    memset(grid, -1, sizeof(grid));
+    Coord coord = {0, 0}, facing = {0, 1};
+    for (const char c : s) {
+        for (const int x : get_nums(c)) {
+            grid[coord.x][coord.y] = x;
+            std::clog << "Placing " << x << " at " << coord << std::endl;
+            print_grid(std::clog);
+            coord += facing = next_move(coord, facing);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    getline(std::cin, original_str);
+    std::stringstream ss(original_str);
+    ss >> h >> w;
+    getline(std::cin, original_str);
+    fill_grid(original_str);
+
+    print_grid(std::cout);
+
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39d3d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_15_jusephus.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+class CycledLinkedList {
+public:
+    struct Node {
+        int val = 0;
+        Node* next = nullptr;
+        Node* prev = nullptr;
+    };
+
+    Node* head = nullptr; // They are POINTERS, not OBJECTS.
+
+    void push_back(int val) {
+        if (head == nullptr) {
+            head = new Node({.val = val});
+            head->next = head;
+            head->prev = head;
+            return;
+        }
+        Node* node = new Node({.val = val});
+        head->prev->next = node;
+        node->prev = head->prev;
+        head->prev = node;
+        node->next = head;
+    }
+
+    void remove(Node* node) {
+        node->prev->next = node->next;
+        node->next->prev = node->prev;
+        if (node == head) {
+            head = node->next;
+        }
+        delete node;
+    }
+
+    void init_cycle(int n) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            push_back(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const CycledLinkedList& list) {
+        for (Node* node = list.head->next; node != list.head; node = node->next) {
+            os << node->val << "<->";
+        }
+        os << list.head->val << std::endl;
+        return os;
+    }
+};
+
+int n, m, target_order;
+CycledLinkedList players;
+
+int target_idx() {
+    for (int i = 0; i < target_order - 1; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < m - 1; j++) {
+            players.head = players.head->next;
+        }
+        players.remove(players.head);
+    }
+    for (int j = 0; j < m - 1; j++) {
+        players.head = players.head->next;
+    }
+    return players.head->val;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    std::cin >> n >> m >> target_order;
+    players.init_cycle(n);
+    // std::clog << players << std::endl;
+    std::cout << target_idx() + 1 << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b7da24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260909_16_swap_bits.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
+
+constexpr size_t MAX_N = 201;
+int n, evaluation_value, original_evaluation_value;
+bool bits[MAX_N], original_bits[MAX_N], target_bits[MAX_N];
+
+std::ostream& print_bits(const bool* bits_list = bits, std::ostream& os = std::clog) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        os << (bits_list[i] ? 1 : 0);
+    }
+    return os;
+}
+
+void swap_bits(int i, int j) {
+    if (bits[i] != target_bits[i]) { evaluation_value--; }
+    if (bits[j] != target_bits[j]) { evaluation_value--; }
+    std::swap(bits[i], bits[j]);
+    if (bits[i] != target_bits[i]) { evaluation_value++; }
+    if (bits[j] != target_bits[j]) { evaluation_value++; }
+}
+
+int evaluate() {
+    if (evaluation_value == 1) { return 1; }
+    return evaluation_value / 2;
+}
+
+bool dfs(int last_swap_pos = 0, int depth = 0, int target_depth = 0) {
+    const int h = evaluate();
+    if (h == 0) { return true; }
+    if (depth + h > target_depth) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::clog << "DEPTH=" << depth << "\th=" << h << "\t";
+    print_bits() << "\t";
+    print_bits(target_bits) << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
+        if (bits[i] == bits[i + 1]) { continue; }
+        if (i == last_swap_pos) { continue; }
+        if (bits[i] == target_bits[i] && bits[i + 1] == target_bits[i + 1]) { continue; }
+        if ((bits[i] == target_bits[i] || bits[i + 1] == target_bits[i + 1]) &&
+            (bits[i + 1] != target_bits[i] && bits[i] != target_bits[i + 1])) { continue; }
+        swap_bits(bits[i], bits[i + 1]);
+        if (dfs(i, depth + 1, target_depth)) { return true; }
+        swap_bits(bits[i], bits[i + 1]);
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+int ida_star() {
+    for (int target_depth = evaluate(); target_depth <= 2 * n; target_depth++) {
+        memcpy(bits, original_bits, n);
+        evaluation_value = original_evaluation_value;
+        std::clog << "target_depth:" << target_depth << std::endl;
+        if (dfs(-1, 0, target_depth)) {
+            return target_depth;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+bool init_evaluate() {
+    int original_sum = 0, target_sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        original_sum += original_bits[i];
+        target_sum += target_bits[i];
+        original_evaluation_value += original_bits[i] != target_bits[i];
+    }
+    return original_sum == target_sum;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    std::cin >> n;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { std::cin >> original_bits[i]; }
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { std::cin >> target_bits[i]; }
+    if (!init_evaluate()) {
+        std::cout << -1 << std::endl;
+        return 0;
+    }
+    std::cout << ida_star() << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b96253
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260917_01.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int afford_year(double salary, double price, int current_year = 1, double current_money = 0) {
+    if ((current_money += salary) >= price) { return current_year; }
+    if (current_year > 100) { return -1; }
+    return afford_year(salary * 1.08, price * 1.10, current_year + 1, current_money);
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    double money, price;
+    int ans;
+    cin >> money >> price;
+
+    if ((ans = afford_year(money, price)) == -1) {
+        cout << "Forget it." << endl;
+    } else {
+        cout << ans << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cef5cff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260917_02_subway.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+double get_price(int spent_money, int distance) {
+    double price = 0;
+    if (distance <= 6) {
+        price = 3;
+    } else {
+        price = 4;
+    }
+    distance -= 12;
+    if (distance > 0 && distance <= 32 - 12) { price += ceil(distance / 10.0); }
+    distance -= 32 - 12;
+    if (distance > 0) { price += ceil(distance / 20.0); }
+    if (spent_money >= 400) { return price; }
+    if (spent_money >= 150) { return price * 0.5; }
+    if (spent_money >= 100) { return price * 0.8; }
+    return price;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    int spent_money, distance;
+    cin >> spent_money >> distance;
+    cout << fixed << setprecision(2) << get_price(spent_money, distance) << endl;
+
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e410155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260917_03.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    string token;
+    float coord[2];
+
+    for (int i = 0; getline(cin, token, ','); i++) {
+        coord[i] = stof(token);
+    }
+
+    if (-1 <= coord[0] && coord[0] <= 1 && -1 <= coord[1] && coord[1] <= 1) {
+        cout << "yes" << endl;
+    } else {
+        cout << "no" << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6457610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260917_04.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+vector<int> calc_factors( int num) {
+    vector<int> factors;
+    for (const int factor : {3,5,7}) {
+        if (num % factor == 0) {
+            factors.push_back(factor);
+        }
+    }
+    return factors;
+}
+
+int num;
+vector<int> factors;
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> num;
+    factors = calc_factors(num);
+    if (factors.empty()) {
+        cout << "n" << endl;
+    } else {
+        int temp = factors[factors.size() - 1];
+        factors.pop_back();
+        for (const int factor : factors) {
+            cout << factor << " ";
+        }
+        cout << temp << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8ac579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260917_05_vote.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+constexpr int MAX_X = 15;
+int n, winner;
+unsigned int bucket[MAX_X + 1];
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> n;
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < n; _++) {
+        int x;
+        cin >> x;
+        bucket[x]++;
+    }
+    winner = 0;
+    for (int x = 1; x <= MAX_X; x++) {
+        if (bucket[x] > bucket[winner]) {
+            winner = x;
+        }
+    }
+    cout << winner << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0e214b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260923_01_bike_or_walk.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+double get_bike_time(double distance) {
+    return 27 + 23 + distance / 3;
+}
+
+double get_walk_time(double distance) {
+    return distance * 5 / 6;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    int distance;
+    std::cin >> distance;
+    while (std::cin >> distance) {
+        double diff = get_bike_time(distance) - get_walk_time(distance);
+        if (diff < 1e-8 && diff > -1e-8) {
+            std::cout << "All" << std::endl;
+        } else if (diff < 0) {
+            std::cout << "Bike" << std::endl;
+        } else {
+            std::cout << "Walk" << std::endl;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..769d3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260923_02_draw_rectangles.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+void print_filled_rectangle(int h, int w, char c) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
+            std::cout << c;
+        }
+        std::cout << std::endl;
+    }
+}
+
+void print_unfilled_rectangle(int h, int w, char c) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
+        std::cout << c;
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+    for (int i = 0; i < h - 2; i++) {
+        std::cout << c;
+        for (int j = 0; j < w - 2; j++) {
+            std::cout << " ";
+        }
+        std::cout << c << std::endl;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
+        std::cout << c;
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    int h, w;
+    char c;
+    bool filled;
+
+    while (std::cin >> h >> w >> c >> filled) {
+        if (filled) {
+            print_filled_rectangle(h, w, c);
+        } else {
+            print_unfilled_rectangle(h, w, c);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14cc889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260923_03.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cmath>
+
+int get_digit(int num, int digit) {
+    num /= static_cast<int>(std::pow(10, digit));
+    // std::clog << num << " is " << digit << "->" << std::endl;
+    return num % 10;
+}
+
+bool is_good_num(int num) {
+    return get_digit(num, 0)
+        - (get_digit(num, 3) + get_digit(num, 2) + get_digit(num, 1))
+        > 0;
+}
+
+int n, ans;
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    std::cin >> n;
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < n; _++) {
+        int num;
+        std::cin >> num;
+        ans += is_good_num(num);
+    }
+    std::cout << ans << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp b/cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c97d76b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cs101/dh_20260923_04_lamps.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 1001;
+
+int n;
+bool lamps[MAX_N]; // 第 0 盏放弃
+
+void simulate() {
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j <= n; j += i) {
+            lamps[j] = !lamps[j];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    std::cin.tie(nullptr);
+    std::cin >> n;
+    simulate();
+
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+        if (!lamps[i]) {
+            std::cout << i << " ";
+        }
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ece613
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0202_card_stacking.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class CycledLinkedList {
+public:
+    struct Node {
+        int prev_id, next_id;
+    };
+
+    vector<Node> nodes;
+
+    explicit CycledLinkedList(int n = 1) { nodes.reserve(n); }
+
+    void init_cycle(int n) {
+        assert(nodes.empty());
+        nodes.reserve(n);
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            nodes.push_back({(i + n - 1) % n, (i + 1) % n});
+        }
+    }
+
+    void remove_node(int id) {
+        assert(id >= 0 && id < nodes.size());
+        if (nodes[id].prev_id != -1) { nodes[nodes[id].prev_id].next_id = nodes[id].next_id; }
+        if (nodes[id].next_id != -1) { nodes[nodes[id].next_id].prev_id = nodes[id].prev_id; }
+        nodes[id].prev_id = nodes[id].next_id = -1;
+    }
+};
+
+int cow_amount, good_cards_amount, cards_amount, pass_amount;
+CycledLinkedList cards;
+
+vector<int> simulate() {
+    vector<int> good_nodes;
+    int current_node = 0, previous_node = -1, cow = 1;
+    while (good_nodes.size() < good_cards_amount) {
+        // clog << "current_node: " << current_node << endl;
+        if (cow == 0) { good_nodes.push_back(current_node); }
+        previous_node = current_node, current_node = cards.nodes[current_node].next_id;
+        cards.remove_node(previous_node);
+        if (previous_node == current_node) { break; }
+        cow = (cow + 1) % cow_amount;
+        for (int _ = 0; _ < pass_amount; _++) {
+            current_node = cards.nodes[current_node].next_id;
+        }
+    }
+    return good_nodes;
+}
+
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> cow_amount >> cards_amount >> pass_amount;
+    good_cards_amount = cards_amount / cow_amount;
+
+    cards.init_cycle(cards_amount);
+
+    vector<int> good_nodes = simulate();
+    sort(good_nodes.begin(), good_nodes.end());
+    for (const int node : good_nodes) {
+        cout << node + 1 << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2371165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0203_string_insertion.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+string inserted_string(string s, const string& sub_s) {
+    int max_char_pos = -1;
+    char max_char = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++) {
+        if (s[i] > max_char) {
+            max_char = s[i];
+            max_char_pos = i;
+        }
+    }
+    s.insert(max_char_pos + 1, sub_s); // STL 偷懒
+    return s;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    string s, sub_s;
+
+    while (cin >> s >> sub_s) {
+        cout << inserted_string(s, sub_s) << endl;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7f1fba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0204_prefix_cycle.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 1e6 + 5;
+int max_period[MAX_N];
+
+void log_array(const int arr[], const size_t n) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        clog << arr[i] << " ";
+    }
+    clog << endl;
+}
+
+void solve(string s) {
+    memset(max_period, 0, sizeof(max_period));
+    max_period[0] = 1;
+    for (int i = 1; i < s.size(); i++) {
+        if (s[i - max_period[i - 1]] == s[i]) {
+            max_period[i] = max_period[i - 1];
+        } else {
+            max_period[i] = i + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    log_array(max_period, s.size());
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    int n;
+    string s;
+    while (cin >> n && n) {
+        cin >> s;
+        solve(s);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d3e3b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0205_polynomial_addition.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#include <cmath>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <map>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class Polynomial : public map<unsigned int, long long, greater<>> {
+public:
+    Polynomial operator+=(const Polynomial& other) {
+        for (const auto& [exp, coef] : other) {
+            (*this)[exp] += coef;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    void print() const {
+        for (const auto& [exp, coef] : *this) {
+            if (coef == 0) { continue; }
+            cout << "[ " << coef << " " << exp << " ] ";
+        }
+        cout << endl;
+    }
+};
+
+Polynomial input_polynomial() {
+    long long coefficient;
+    int exponent;
+    Polynomial polynomial;
+    while (cin >> coefficient >> exponent && exponent >= 0) {
+        polynomial[exponent] += coefficient;
+    }
+    return polynomial;
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    int n;
+    cin >> n;
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < n; _++) {
+        Polynomial polynomial1 = input_polynomial();
+        Polynomial polynomial2 = input_polynomial();
+        polynomial1 += polynomial2;
+        polynomial1.print();
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5802139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0206_binary_query.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+constexpr size_t MAX_N = 100005, MAX_DIGITS = 16;
+
+int n, m;
+int bits[MAX_DIGITS];
+
+void print_bits(ostream& os = clog) {
+    for (const int bit : bits) { os << bit; }
+    os << endl;
+}
+
+void update_bits(const int num) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_DIGITS; i++) {
+        bits[i] += (num >> i) & 1;
+    }
+}
+
+void add(int num) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_DIGITS; i++) {
+        const bool current_bit = num & 1;
+        num >>= 1;
+        if (current_bit == 0) { continue; }
+        num += bits[i];
+        bits[i] = n - bits[i];
+        print_bits();
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> n >> m;
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < n; _++) {
+        int num;
+        cin >> num;
+        update_bits(num);
+    }
+    for (int _ = 0; _ < m; _++) {
+        print_bits();
+        char op;
+        int x;
+        cin >> op >> x;
+        if (op == 'Q') {
+            cout << bits[x] << endl;
+        } else {
+            add(x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bda19fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/linear_list/dsa_0217_magic_square.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cassert>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+using Coord = pair<int, int>;
+
+constexpr int MAX_N = 45;
+int n;
+int magic_square[MAX_N][MAX_N];
+
+Coord next_coord(Coord current_coord) {
+    Coord next_coord = current_coord;
+    next_coord.first = (next_coord.first + n - 1) % n;
+    next_coord.second = (next_coord.second + 1) % n;
+    if ((current_coord.first == 0 && current_coord.second == n - 1)
+        || magic_square[next_coord.first][next_coord.second] != 0) {
+        return {(current_coord.first + 1) % n, current_coord.second};
+    }
+    return next_coord;
+}
+
+
+void print_magic_square(ostream& os = cout) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
+            os << magic_square[i][j] << " ";
+        }
+        os << endl;
+    }
+    os << endl;
+}
+
+void fill_magic_square() {
+    Coord current_coord = {0, (n - 1) / 2};
+    for (int num = 1; num <= n * n; num++) {
+        assert(magic_square[current_coord.first][current_coord.second] == 0);
+        magic_square[current_coord.first][current_coord.second] = num;
+        current_coord = next_coord(current_coord);
+        // print_magic_square(clog);
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+    cin >> n;
+    n = 2 * n - 1;
+    fill_magic_square();
+    print_magic_square();
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp b/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp
index 4ab5afd..b5acb21 100644
--- a/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp
+++ b/graph/ECNA2001_sort_letters.cpp
@@ -1,10 +1,81 @@
 #include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <queue>
+
 
 using namespace std;
 
+class Graph {
+public:
+    struct Edge {
+        int target_vertex, next_edge;
+    };
+
+    vector<Edge> edges;
+    vector<int> head_edges;
+
+    void init(int vertices_amount, int edges_amount = 1) {
+        edges.reserve(edges_amount);
+        head_edges.resize(vertices_amount, -1);
+    }
+
+    void add_edge(int source_vertex, int target_vertex) {
+        edges.push_back({target_vertex, head_edges[source_vertex]});
+        head_edges[source_vertex] = static_cast<int>(edges.size()) - 1;
+    }
+
+    void remove_edge(int source_vertex, int target_vertex) {
+        for (int edge = head_edges[source_vertex]; edge != -1; edge = edges[edge].next_edge) {
+            if (edges[edge].target_vertex == target_vertex) {
+                head_edges[source_vertex] = edges[edge].next_edge;
+                // edges.erase(edges.begin() + edge);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool accessible(int source_vertex, int target_vertex) const {
+        vector<bool> visited(head_edges.size(), false);
+        queue<int> q;
+        q.push(source_vertex);
+        visited[source_vertex] = true;
+        while (!q.empty()) {
+            int current_vertex = q.front();
+            q.pop();
+            for (int edge = head_edges[current_vertex]; edge != -1; edge = edges[edge].next_edge) {
+                int next_vertex = edges[edge].target_vertex;
+                if (next_vertex == target_vertex) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                if (!visited[next_vertex]) {
+                    visited[next_vertex] = true;
+                    q.push(next_vertex);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool cycled(int source_vertex) const {
+        return accessible(source_vertex, source_vertex);
+    }
+};
+
+int letters_amount, edges_amount;
+Graph graph;
+
+void add_edge_by_string(const string& s) {
+    assert(s.length() == 3);
+    graph.add_edge(s[0] - 'A', s[2] - 'A');
+}
+
 int main() {
     ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
     cin.tie(nullptr);
-    
+
+    cin >> letters_amount >> edges_amount;
+    graph.init(letters_amount, edges_amount);
+
     return 0;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp b/graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bf1dd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graph/USACO06DECs_cow_picnic.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class Graph {
+public:
+    struct Edge {
+        int target_vertex = -1;
+        int next_edge = -1;
+    };
+
+    vector<int> head_edges;
+    vector<Edge> edges;
+
+    explicit Graph(int vertices_amount = 0, int edges_amount = 0) : head_edges(vertices_amount, -1) {
+        edges.reserve(edges_amount);
+    }
+
+    void init(int vertices_amount, int edges_amount) {
+        head_edges.resize(vertices_amount, -1);
+        edges.reserve(edges_amount);
+    }
+
+    void add_edge(int source_vertex, int target_vertex) {
+        edges.push_back({target_vertex, head_edges[source_vertex]});
+        head_edges[source_vertex] = static_cast<int>(edges.size()) - 1;
+    }
+};
+
+constexpr int MAX_V = 1e3 + 5;
+
+int cows_amount, vertices_amount, edges_amount, ans;
+vector<int> cows_locations;
+Graph graph;
+
+bool vis[MAX_V];
+int vertices_accessibility[MAX_V];
+
+void dfs(int start_vertex, int current_vertex) {
+    if (vis[current_vertex]) { return; }
+    vis[current_vertex] = true;
+    vertices_accessibility[current_vertex]++;
+    for (int edge = graph.head_edges[current_vertex]; edge != -1; edge = graph.edges[edge].next_edge) {
+        int next_vertex = graph.edges[edge].target_vertex;
+        dfs(start_vertex, next_vertex);
+    }
+}
+
+void dfs(int start_vertex) {
+    memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis));
+    dfs(start_vertex, start_vertex);
+}
+
+int main() {
+    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
+    cin.tie(nullptr);
+
+    cin >> cows_amount >> vertices_amount >> edges_amount;
+    cows_locations.resize(cows_amount);
+    graph.init(vertices_amount, edges_amount);
+    for (int i = 0; i < cows_amount; i++) {
+        cin >> cows_locations[i], cows_locations[i]--;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < edges_amount; i++) {
+        int source_vertex, target_vertex;
+        cin >> source_vertex >> target_vertex, source_vertex--, target_vertex--;
+        graph.add_edge(source_vertex, target_vertex);
+    }
+
+    for (const int cow : cows_locations) {
+        dfs(cow);
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < vertices_amount; i++) {
+        if (vertices_accessibility[i] == cows_amount) {
+            ans++;
+        }
+    }
+    cout << ans << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp b/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp
index 01a8877..3de8ee3 100644
--- a/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp
+++ b/luogu_P1160_biodir_linked_list.cpp
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 using namespace std;
 
-class LinkedList {
+class CycledLinkedList {
 public:
     struct Node {
         int previous = -1, next = -1;
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-LinkedList l;
+CycledLinkedList l;
 
 int main() {
     ios::sync_with_stdio(false);